References for the Consensus Statement on Physiologic Childbirth

REFERENCES for Consensus Statement on Physiologic Childbirth by ACNM, MANA & NACPM

1. World Health Organization. Care in Normal Birth: A Practical Guide. World Health Organization; 1996.

2. Sakala C, Corry MP. Evidence-based maternity care: what it is and what it can achieve. New York, NY: Milbank Memorial Fund; 2008.

3. Declercq ER, Sakala C, Corry MP, et al. Listening to mothers II: Report of the Second National U.S. Survey of Women’s Childbearing Experiences. New York: Childbirth Connection; 2006.

4. Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Ventura SJ, et al. Births: preliminary data for 2010. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2011; 60(2):1-25.

5. Guise JM, Eden K, Emeis C, et al. Vaginal birth after cesarean: new insights. Evidence report/technology assessment no.191. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2010.

6. Koroukian SM. Relative risk of postpartum complications in the Ohio Medicaid population: vaginal versus cesarean delivery. Med Care Res Rev. 2004; 61(2):203-224.

7. Hansen AK, Wisborg K, Uldbjerg N, et al. Elective caesarean section and respiratory morbidity in the term and near-term neonate. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2007; 86(4):389-394.

8. Bager P, Wohlfahrt J, Westergaard T. Caesarean delivery and risk of atopy and allergic disease: meta-analyses. Clin Exp Allergy. 2008; 38(4):634-642.

9. Galyean AM, Lagrew DC, Bush MC, et al. Previous cesarean section and the risk of postpartum maternal complications and adverse neonatal outcomes in future pregnancies. J Perinatol. 2009; 29(11):726-730.

10. Kennare R, Tucker G, Heard A, et al. Risks of adverse outcomes in the next birth after a first cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol. 2007; 109(2 Pt 1):270-276.

11. Osborne C, Ecker JL, Gauvreau K, et al. First birth cesarean and risk of antepartum fetal death in a subsequent pregnancy. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2012; 57(1):12-17. doi:10.1111/j.1542-2011.2011.00142.x; 10.1111/j.1542-2011.2011.00142.x

12. Richter R, Bergmann RL, Dudenhausen JW. Previous caesarean or vaginal delivery: which mode is a greater risk of perinatal death at the second delivery? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2006; 132(1):51-7.

13. Beck CT. Birth trauma: in the eye of the beholder. Nurs Res. 2004; 53(1):28-35.

14. Beck CT, Watson S. The impact of birth trauma on breastfeeding: a tale of two pathways. Nurs Res. 2008; 57(4):228-236.

15. Beck CT. The anniversary of birth trauma: failure to rescue. Nurs Res. 2006; 55(6):381-390.

16. Beck CT. Post-traumatic stress disorder due to childbirth: the aftermath. Nurs Res, 2004; 53(4):216-224.

17. Romano AM, Lothian JA. Promoting, protecting, and supporting normal birth: A look at the evidence. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2008; 37(1):94-105. doi:10.1111/j.1552-6909.2007.00210.x

18. Hatem M, Sandall J, Devane D, et al. Midwife-led versus other models of care for childbearing women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008; Oct 8(4):CD004667.

19. Cragin L, Kennedy HP. Linking obstetric and midwifery practice with optimal outcomes. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2006; 35(6):779-785. 520.

Murphy PA, Fullerton JT. Development of the optimality index as a new approach to evaluating outcomes of maternity care. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2006; 35(6):770-778.

21. Low LK, Seng JS, Miller JM. Use of the optimality index-United States in perinatal clinical research: a validation study. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2008; 53(4):302-309.

22. Dixon L, Fullerton JT, Begley C, et al. Systematic review: the clinical effectiveness of physiological (expectant) management of the third stage of labor following a physiological labor and birth. Int J Childbirth. 2011; 1(3):179-195.

23. Clark SL, Simpson KR, Knox GE, et al. Oxytocin: new perspectives on an old drug. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009; 200(1):35.e1-35.e6.

24. Mozurkewich E, Chilimigras JL, Berman DR, et al. Methods of induction of labour: a systematic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2011; 11(84):1-19.

25. Smyth RM, Alldred SK, Markham C. Amniotomy for shortening spontaneous labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007; Oct 17(4):CD006167.

26. Hodnett, ED, Downe, S, Walsh, D, et al. Alternative versus conventional institutional settings for birth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010; Sep (9):CD000012.

27. Hodnett ED, Gates S, Hofmeyr, GJ, et al. Continuous support for women during childbirth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011; Feb 16(2):CD003766.

28. Zhang J, Troendle J, Reddy UM, et al. Contemporary cesarean delivery practice in the United States. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010; 203(4):326.e1-326.e10. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2010.06.058

29. Singata M, Tranmer J, Gyte GM. Restricting oral fluid and food intake during labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010; Jan 20(1):CD003930.

30. Bricker L, Lavender T. Parenteral opioids for labor pain relief: a systematic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002; 186(Suppl 5):S94-109.

31. Anim-Somuah M, Smyth RM, Jones L. Epidural versus non-epidural or no analgesia in labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011; Dec 7(12):CD000331.

32. Carroli, G., & Mignini, L. Episiotomy for vaginal birth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009; Jan 21(1):CD000081.

33. Viswanathan M, Hartmann K, Palmieri R, et al. The Use of Episiotomy in Obstetrical Care: A Systematic Review. Evidence reports/technology assessments, No. 112. Rockville,MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2005.

34. Demissie K, Rhoads GG, Smulian JC, et al. Operative vaginal delivery and neonatal and infant adverse outcomes: population based retrospective analysis. BMJ. 2004;329(7456):24-29.

35. Hutton EK, Hassan ES. Late vs early clamping of the umbilical cord in full-term neonates: systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials. JAMA. 2007;297(11):1241-1252.

36. Erickson-Owens DA, Mercer JS, Oh W. Umbilical cord milking in term infants delivered by cesarean section: a randomized controlled trial. J Perinatol. 2011; Nov 17. doi: 10.1038/jp.2011.159. [Epub ahead of print]

37. Mercer JS, Vohr BR, Erickson-Owens DA, et al. Seven-month developmental outcomes of very low birth weight infants enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of delayed versus immediate cord clamping. J Perinatol. 2010;30(1):11-16.

38. Moore E, Anderson G, Bergman N. Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;Jul 18(3):CD003519.

39. Beck CT. Birth trauma and its sequelae. J Trauma Dissociation . 2009;10(2), 189-203.

40. Bacigalupo G, Riese S, Rosendahl H, et al. (1990). Quantitative relationships between pain intensities during labor and beta-endorphin and cortisol concentrations in plasma decline of the hormone concentrations in the early postpartum period. J Perinat Med. 1990;18(4):289-296.

41. Hoffman DI, Abboud TK, Haase HR, et al. Plasma beta-endorphin concentrations prior to and during pregnancy, in labor, and after delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1984;150(5 Pt 1):492-496.

42. Fourer M. Creating birth space to enable undisturbed birth. In Fahy K, Fourer M, Hastie, C, eds. Birth Territory and Midwifery Guardianship. Theory for Practice, Education and Research. New York, NY: Elsevier; 2008:57-77.

43. Unväs-Moberg K. The Oxytocin Factor. Tapping the Hormone of Calm, Love, and Healing. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press; 2003.

44. Taylor S, Klein L, Lewis B, et al. Biobehavioural responses to stress in females: tend- and-befriend, not fight-or-flight. Psychological Rev. 2000;107:411-429.

45. Neal JL, Lowe NK, Patrick TE, et al. What is the slowest-yet-normal cervical dilation rate among nulliparous women with spontaneous labor onset? J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2010;39(4):361-9.

46. Lowe NK. The nature of labor pain. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186(5 Suppl Nature):S16-S24.

47. Simkin P, Bolding A. (2004) Update on nonpharmacologic approaches to relieve labor pain and prevent suffering. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2004;49:489-504.

48. Dunne C, Da Silva O, Schmidt G, et al. Outcomes of elective labour induction and elective caesarean section in low-risk pregnancies between 37 and 41 weeks’ gestation. JOGC. 2009;31(12):1124-1130.

49. Cardwell CR, Stene LC, Joner G, et al. Caesarean section is associated with an increased risk of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Diabetologia. 2008;51:726-735.

50. Schlinzig T, Johansson S, Gunnar A, et al. Epigenetic modulation at birth – altered DNA-methylation in white blood cells after caesarean section. Acta Paediatr. 2009;98: 1096-1099.

51. Toyokawa S, Uddin M, Koenen KC, et al. How does the social environment “get into the mind”? Epigenetics at the intersection of social and psychiatric epidemiology. Soc Sci Med. 2012;74:67-74.

52. Heim C, Binder EB. Current research trends in early life stress and depression: review of human studies on sensitive periods, gene-environment interactions, and epigenetics. Exp Neurol. 2012;233(1):102 -111.

53. Maghzi AH, Etemadifar M., Heshmat-Ghahdarijani K, et al. Delivery may increase the risk of multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2012;18(4):468-471.

54. Xu XF, Du LZ. Epigenetics in neonatal diseases. Chin Med J. 2010;123(20):2948- 2954.

55. Hyde M, Mostyn A, Modi N, et al. The health implications of birth by caesarean section. Biol Rev. 2012;87(1), 229 -243.

56. Kapellou O. Effect of caesarean section on brain maturation. Acta paediatr. 2011;100(11):1416 -1422.

57. Kennedy HP, Nardini K, McLeod-Waldo R, et al. Top-selling childbirth advice books: a discourse analysis. Birth. 2009;36(4):318-324.

58. Klein MC, Liston R, Fraser WD. Attitudes of the new generation of Canadian obstetricians: how do they differ from their predecessors? Birth. 2011;38(2):1-11.

59. van der Hulst LAM, Van Teijlingen ER, Bonsel GK. Does a pregnant woman’s intended place of birth influence her attitudes toward and occurrence of obstetric interventions? Birth. 2004;31(1):28-33.

60. Kennedy HP, Grant J, Walton C, et al. Normalizing birth in England: a qualitative study. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2010;55(3): 262-269.

61. American College of Nurse-Midwives. Providing oral nutrition to women in labor. Clinical bulletin. http://www.midwife.org/siteFiles/education/Oral_Nutrition_to_Women_in_Labor_5_0 8.pdf. Published March, 2008. Accessed May 4, 2012.

62. American College of Nurse-Midwives. Intermittent auscultation for intrapartum fetal heart rate surveillance. Clinical bulletin. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1016/j.jmwh.2007.03.021/abstract?userIsAuthenti cated=true&deniedAccessCustomisedMessage= . Pulished March, 2007. Accessed May 4, 2012.

63. Simkin PP, O’Hara M. Nonpharmacologic relief of pain during labor: systematic reviews of five methods. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186(5 Suppl Nature):S131-S159.

64. Childbirth Connection. Blueprint for action: steps toward a high-quality, high-value maternity care system. http://transform.childbirthconnection.org/blueprint/. Accessed May 4, 2012.